The unprecedented growth of aquaculture involves well-documented environmental and
public-health costs, but less is understood about global animal welfare risks. Integrating data …

For many decades, sleep researchers have sought to determine which species 'have'rapid
eye movement (REM) sleep. In doing so, they relied predominantly on a template derived …

The softbodied cephalopods including octopus, cuttlefish, and squid are broadly
considered to be the most cognitively advanced group of invertebrates. Previous research …

Melanin is a complex group of natural pigment substance, and it shows excellent biological
and biomedical applications which is commonly present in algae, fungi, bacteria …

Nautilus is the sole surviving externally shelled cephalopod from the Palaeozoic. It is unique
within cephalopod genealogy and critical to understanding the evolutionary novelties of …

The ability to exert self-control varies within and across taxa. Some species can exert self-
control for several seconds whereas others, such as large-brained vertebrates, can tolerate …

The componential view of human emotion recognises that affective states comprise
conscious, behavioural, physiological, neural and cognitive elements. Although many …

Many aspects of sociality rely on individuals recognising one another. Understanding how,
when, and if individuals recognise others can yield insights into the foundations of social …

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Minimal Cognition approach has emerged
vigorously, focusing on the study of the adaptive behavior of the simplest organisms …

Predation is a major evolutionary driver of animal adaptation. However, understanding of
anti-predator evolution is biased toward vertebrate taxa. Cephalopoda, a class in the …