Most tree species underwent cycles of contraction and expansion during the Quaternary.
These cycles led to an ancient and complex genetic structure that has since been affected …

Gymnosperms are a very old and small group of plants compared to angiosperms.
Contemporary science recognizes about 650 extant conifers worldwide. This review focuses …

Silviculture in the past involved the movement of seeds across large geographical areas.
Such planted forests of unknown origin occur within the borders of some recently …

Evolutionary radiation, a pivotal aspect of macroevolution, offers valuable insights into
evolutionary processes. The genus Pinus is the largest genus in conifers with c. 90% of the …

Scots pine is a crucial component of ecosystems in Europe and Asia and a major utility
species that comprises more than 60% of total forest production in Poland. Despite its …

Background: Scots Pine is one of the main forest-forming species in boreal forests; it has
great economic and ecological significance. This study aimed to develop and test primers for …

Ten populations of Caucasian juniper J. communis var. oblonga were analyzed using seven
microsatellite nSSR loci to draw conclusions about migration routes and genetic …

A better understanding of the possible adaptive response and genomic vulnerability of forest
trees is needed to properly assist future forest management and develop adequate …

Ten populations of Caucasian juniper J. communis var. oblonga were analyzed using seven
microsatellite nSSR loci to draw conclusions about migration routes and genetic …

'The course of organic evolution has been molded and is being molded by environmental
circumstance'–Grinnell (1924). The extent to which the genetic variation of a species is …