The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly complex and dynamic structure, mainly composed
of brain microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes and the basement membrane …

Clefts of the lip and/or palate (CLP) are common birth defects of complex aetiology. CLP can
occur in isolation or as part of a broad range of chromosomal, Mendelian or teratogenic …

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) promotes cell proliferation, survival and migration,
primarily of cells of mesenchymal origin. Dysfunction of PDGF signaling has been observed …

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) rank as the second most common congenital birth defect in the
United States after Down syndrome and are the most common head and neck congenital …

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and their receptors (PDGFRs) have served as
prototypes for growth factor and receptor tyrosine kinase function for more than 25 years …

Mammalian palatogenesis is a highly regulated morphogenetic process during which the
embryonic primary and secondary palatal shelves develop as outgrowths from the medial …

Renal fibrosis is the common end point of virtually all progressive kidney diseases. Renal
fibrosis should not be viewed as a simple and uniform'scar', but rather as a dynamic system …

Fibrosis is part of a tissue repair response to injury, defined as increased deposition of
extracellular matrix. In some instances, fibrosis is beneficial; however, in the majority of …

PDGFRA and PDGFRB are classical proto-oncogenes that encode receptor tyrosine kinases
responding to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). PDGFRA mutations are found in …

The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/PDGFR receptor (PDGFR) family is essential for a
vast array of physiological processes such as migration and proliferation of percityes that …