Background: Despite a growing consensus that biofilms contribute to a delay in the healing
of chronic wounds, conflicting evidence pertaining to their identification and management …

Significance: Microorganisms can exist both in the planktonic and biofilm state. Each
phenotypic state has a role to play in delaying healing and causing infections of both acute …

Significance: The incidence, cost, morbidity, and mortality associated with non-healing of
chronic skin wounds are dramatic. With the increasing numbers of people with obesity …

Biofilm is the predominant mode of life for bacteria and today it is implicated in numerous
human diseases. A growing body of scientific and clinical evidence now exists regarding the …

Biofilms are sessile communities of microorganisms, mainly bacteria, that grow on biotic and
abiotic surfaces. These microorganisms are embedded within an extracellular polymeric …

Background: Bacterial biofilms, which are critical mediators of chronic wounds, remain
difficult to treat with traditional methods. Bacteriophage therapy against biofilm has not been …

In this study, two-layer poly (vinyl alcohol)/gelatin (PVA/GEL) nanofiber patches containing
cinnamaldehyde (CA) in the first layer and gentamicin (GEN) in the second layer were …

Bacterial biofilm is a formidable influencing factor affecting healing of chronic wound. The
mechanisms are as diverse as the bacterial species contained in the biofilm. In an altered …

Significance: Multispecies microbial biofilms may contribute to wound chronicity by derailing
the inherent reparative process of the host tissue. In the biofilm form, bacteria are encased …

Introduction The recent literature suggests that chronic wound biofilms often consist of
multiple bacterial species. However, without appropriate in vivo, polybacterial biofilm …