The basic structure and dynamics of the primary electric current systems in the Earth's
magnetosphere are presented and discussed. In geophysics, the word current is used to …

Abstract The Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment
uses magnetic field data from the Iridium constellation to derive the global Birkeland current …

In common treatment of magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling at high latitudes, the
ionosphere is represented by a thin conducting spherical shell, which closes field‐aligned …

Within the fully integrated magnetosphere-ionosphere system, many electrodynamic
processes interact with each other. We review recent advances in understanding three …

The role of diffuse electron precipitation in the formation of subauroral polarization streams
(SAPS) is investigated with the Multiscale Atmosphere‐Geospace Environment (MAGE) …

We illustrate some fundamental alterations of the solar wind‐magnetosphere interaction that
occur during low Mach number solar wind. We first show that low Mach number solar wind …

The reconnection potential along the reconnection line provides a quantitative description of
magnetic reconnection that dominates the solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling. To properly …

Two collections of substorms are created: 28,464 substorms identified with jumps in the
SuperMAG AL index in the years 1979–2015 and 16,025 substorms identified with electron …

Ionospheric conductance is a crucial factor in regulating the closure of magnetospheric field‐
aligned currents through the ionosphere as Hall and Pedersen currents. Despite its …

When the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is southward, most of the ionospheric potential
is generated by merging between the IMF and the magnetospheric field. Typically, the …