The use of peripheral regional anaesthesia continues to increase, yet the evidence
supporting its use and impact on relevant outcomes often lacks scientific rigour, especially …

Background Patients usually suffer acute pain after cardiac surgery. Numerous regional
anesthetic techniques have been used for those patients under general anesthesia. The …

The statements and recommendations contained in this report are primarily based on the
available literature and expert consensus. Decisions should be individualized and tailored …

Persistent postoperative pain (PPP) after cardiac surgery is a significant complication that
negatively affects patient quality of life and increases health care system burden. However …

In the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery era, parasternal intercostal nerve block has been
proposed to improve pain control and reduce opioid use in patients undergoing cardiac …

Background Deep and superficial parasternal intercostal plane blocks provide anterior chest
wall analgesia for both breast and cardiac surgery. Our primary objective of this cadaveric …

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided multiple
injection costotransverse block (MICB) and compare it with erector spinae plane block …

Purpose Traditional multimodal analgesic strategies have several contraindications in
cardiac surgery patients, forcing clinicians to use alternative options. Superficial parasternal …

Objective The aim of this systematic review was to investigate postoperative pain outcomes
and adverse events after peripheral regional anesthesia (PRA) compared to no regional …

Background. Severe postoperative pain is commonly reported following open‐heart surgery,
necessitating the implementation of effective pain management strategies to facilitate patient …