There is a longstanding debate on whether the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or the
change score approach is more appropriate when analyzing non-experimental longitudinal …

Background: Random allocation avoids confounding bias when estimating the average
treatment effect. For continuous outcomes measured at post-treatment as well as prior to …

Introduction In-bed cycling with patients with critical illness has been shown to be safe and
feasible, and improves physical function outcomes at hospital discharge. The effects of early …

This study investigates the effects of a feedback intervention employing text messaging
during 11 weeks on adolescents' behavior, self-efficacy and outcome expectations …

There is an ongoing debate on whether the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or the change
score approach is more appropriate when analyzing nonexperimental pre-post designs. In …

Two methods from the potential outcomes framework–inverse propensity weighting (IPW)
and sequential G-estimation–were evaluated and compared to linear regression for …

In type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention research, evidence for maintenance of risk factor
reduction after three years of follow-up is needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate …

The return on investment of funding science has rarely been accurately measured. Previous
estimates of the benefits of funding have used observational studies, including regression …

Background Channeling bias may occur when a newly marketed drug and an established
drug, despite similar indications, are prescribed to patients with different prognostic …

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of chronic
liver disease in Australia and its recent increase mirrors the obesity and type 2 diabetes …