Gravitational waves (GWs) were recently detected for the first time. This revolutionary
discovery opens a new way of learning about particle physics through GWs from first-order …

The 100 years since the publication of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity saw
significant development of the understanding of the theory, the identification of potential …

We report multiple lines of evidence for a stochastic signal that is correlated among 67
pulsars from the 15 yr pulsar timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz …

Pulsar timing arrays aim to detect nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). A
background of GWs modulates pulsar arrival times and manifests as a stochastic process …

We present the results of the search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave
background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies using the second data release of the European …

Observing and timing a group of millisecond pulsars with high rotational stability enables the
direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). The GW signals can be identified from the …

Pulsar timing arrays offer a probe of the low-frequency gravitational wave spectrum (1–100
nHz), which is intimately connected to a number of markers that can uniquely trace the …

The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) and Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA)
collaborations have measured a low-frequency common signal in the combination of their …

The noise in millisecond pulsar (MSP) timing data can include contributions from observing
instruments, the interstellar medium, the solar wind, solar system ephemeris errors, and the …

We searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background in the second data
release of the International Pulsar Timing Array, a global collaboration synthesizing decadal …