Lignin, a major component of lignocellulose, is the largest source of aromatic building blocks
on the planet and harbors great potential to serve as starting material for the production of …

Butanol can be produced from renewable sources via the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE)
fermentation route to create biobutanol or from fossil fuel to create petrobutanol. Despite the …

The development of renewable energy resources is strongly urged to recoup the shortage of
fossil-based energy and its associated pollution issues. Energy production from …

Biobutanol has demonstrated to be a superior alternative biofuel in internal combustion
engine (ICEs). Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation engineering is a typical …

Fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gases have become the prime sources of energy in
the current era. However, it is anticipated that these sources will deplete within the next 40 …

The increasing energy demand, surging oil prices, depleting oil reserves and environmental
pollution problems associated with the use of fossil fuels have sparked renewed interest to …

Medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) that produced from affordable waste biomass via chain
elongation (CE) technology are recognized as the potential alternatives to part fossil-derived …

Background Driven by a range of sustainability challenges, eg climate change, resource
depletion and expanding populations, a circular bioeconomy is emerging and expected to …

This study reviews economics of production of second generation biofuels from various
feedstocks, including crop and wood/forestry residues, lignocellulosic energy crops …

Plant cell walls are complex, dynamic cellular structures essential for plant growth,
development, physiology and adaptation. Plant Cell Walls provides an in depth and diverse …