Historically, iliac crest bone autograft has been considered the gold standard bone graft
substitute for spinal fusion. However, the significant morbidity associated with harvesting …

The increasing prevalence of spinal disorders worldwide necessitates advanced treatments,
particularly interbody fusion for severe cases that are unresponsive to non-surgical …

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a double‐edged sword. Pathological HO presents as an
undesired clinical complication, whereas controlled heterotopic bone formation by synthetic …

Innate immune responses play important roles in material-induced bone formation and such
roles were further explored in the current study with an emphasis on M2 macrophages and …

To better understand the biological mechanisms triggered by osteoinductive materials in
vivo, we evaluated the timeline of cellular responses to osteoinductive materials …

This review focuses on the advances made in the synthesis and application of
hydroxyapatite (HA)-and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-based composites for biomedical …

Disrupted bone metabolism can lead to delayed fracture healing or non-union, often
requiring intervention to correct. Although the current clinical gold standard bone graft …

Therapeutic pathogen recognition receptor (PRR) ligands are reaching clinical practice
following their ability to skew the immune response in a specific direction. We investigated …

Immune cells and their soluble factors have an important role in the bone healing process.
Modulation of the immune response, therefore, offers a potential strategy to enhance bone …

The development of novel therapeutics in the field of spinal neurosurgery faces a litany of
translational challenges. Achieving precise drug targeting within the confined spaces …