There are many different factors involved in parasitism. The general concept of “filters”
proposed by Combes includes “encounter filters”(behavior, biodiversity) and “compatibility …

A crucial element in the “the landscape of fear” concept is that prey animals are aware of
varying levels of predation risk at a spatial scale. This often leads to a negative spatial …

Predation, one of the most dramatic interactions in animals' lives, has long fascinated
ecologists. This volume presents carnivores, raptors and their prey in the complicated net of …

Scientists and conservationists are beginning to understand the importance of top
carnivores to the health and integrity of fully functioning ecosystems. As burgeoning human …

Variation in size of home range is among the most important parameters required for
effective conservation and management of a species. However, the fact that home ranges …

Summary 1 After an absence of almost 100 years, the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx is slowly
recovering in Germany along the German–Czech border. Additionally, many reintroduction …

Conservation biologists often must make management decisions based on little empirical
information. In Germany, biologists are concerned that the recovery and reintroduction of …

Habitat selection is a multi-scale process driven by trade-offs between benefits, such as
resource abundance, and disadvantages, such as the avoidance of risk. The latter includes …

Spacing patterns of large carnivores can affect demographic parameters of populations that,
in turn, influence effective population size. As a result, better understanding of spatial …

In the field of large predator-ungulate relationships in the Holarctic zone, most contemporary
knowledge comes from North American studies on wolves Canis lupus, moose Alces alces …