Recent progress in fluorescence imaging allows neuroscientists to observe the dynamics of
thousands of individual neurons, identified genetically or by their connectivity, across …

Owing to reduced light scattering and tissue autofluorescence, in vivo fluorescence imaging
in the 1,000–3,000-nm near-infrared II (NIR-II) spectral range can afford non-invasive …

Light scattering by biological tissues sets a limit to the penetration depth of high-resolution
optical microscopy imaging of live mammals in vivo. An effective approach to reduce light …

The last decade has seen the development of a wide set of tools, such as wavefront
shaping, computational or fundamental methods, that allow us to understand and control …

Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy is a powerful technique for deep-tissue observation of
living cells. In particular, three-photon microscopy is highly beneficial for deep-tissue …

Three-photon microscopy has been increasingly adopted for probing neural activities
beyond the typical two-photon imaging depth. In this review, we outline the unique …

Calcium imaging using two-photon scanning microscopy has become an essential tool in
neuroscience. However, in its typical implementation, the tradeoffs between fields of view …

Phototherapy (including photothermal therapy, PTT; and photodynamic therapy, PDT) has
been widely used for cancer treatment, but conventional PTT/PDT show limited therapeutic …

Three-photon excitation has recently been demonstrated as an effective method to perform
intravital microscopy in deep, previously inaccessible regions of the mouse brain. The …

1300 nm three-photon calcium imaging has emerged as a useful technique to allow calcium
imaging in deep brain regions. Application to large-scale neural activity imaging entails a …