Alkaloids from plants are characterised by structural diversity and bioactivity, and maintain a
privileged position in both modern and traditional medicines. In recent years, there have …

Flavonoids are secondary metabolites derived from the general phenylpropanoid pathway
and are widespread throughout the plant kingdom. The functions of flavonoids are diverse …

The tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) moiety is a privileged substructure of many bioactive
natural products and semi-synthetic analogs. Plants manufacture more than 3,000 THIQ …

Anthocyanins, carotenoids, and betalains are known as the three major pigments in the
plant kingdom. Anthocyanins are flavonoids derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway …

Reporters have been widely used to visualize gene expression, protein localization, and
other cellular activities, but the commonly used reporters require special equipment …

Betalains are tyrosine-derived red-violet and yellow pigments found exclusively in plants of
the Caryophyllales order, which have drawn both scientific and economic interest …

There is an increasing consumer demand for natural colors in foods. However, there is a
limited number of available natural food sources for use by the food industry because of …

Plant natural products (PNPs) are the main sources of drugs, food additives, and new
biofuels and have become a hotspot in synthetic biology. In the past two decades, the …

L-Tyrosine (Tyr) is an aromatic amino acid (AAA) required for protein synthesis in all
organisms, but synthesized de novo only in plants and microorganisms. In plants, Tyr also …

Momilactones from rice have allelopathic activity, the ability to inhibit growth of competing
plants. Transferring momilactone production to other crops is a potential approach to combat …