Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology
approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled …

Although pain treatment has been described as a fundamental human right, the Coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced healthcare systems worldwide to redistribute …

Opioids are the oldest and most potent drugs for the treatment of severe pain. Their clinical
application is undisputed in acute (eg, postoperative) and cancer pain, but their long-term …

Immune cells and glia interact with neurons to alter pain sensitivity and to mediate the
transition from acute to chronic pain. In response to injury, resident immune cells are …

Introduction: Opioids are the oldest and most potent drugs for the treatment of severe pain,
but they are burdened by detrimental side effects such as respiratory depression, addiction …

Potent and clinically significant analgesic effects can be brought about by opioids acting
outside the central nervous system. Injury and inflammation of peripheral tissues leads to …

Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology
approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled …

Sex-related differences in pain and opioids has been the focus of many researches. It is
demonstrated that women experience greater clinical pain, lower pain threshold and …

Chronic pain represents one of the most serious worldwide medical problems, in terms of
both social and economic costs, often causing severe and intractable physical and …

Inflammation is a major characteristic of envenomation by snakes from viperine and
crotaline species. Bothrops asper snake venom elicits, among other alterations, a …