Reciprocity is a major factor in human social life and accounts for a large part of cooperation
in our communities. Direct reciprocity arises when repeated interactions occur between the …

Direct and indirect reciprocity are key mechanisms for the evolution of cooperation. Direct
reciprocity means that individuals use their own experience to decide whether to cooperate …

Social dilemmas occur when incentives for individuals are misaligned with group
interests,,,,,–. According to the 'tragedy of the commons', these misalignments can lead to …

Direct reciprocity is a powerful mechanism for the evolution of cooperation on the basis of
repeated interactions,,–. It requires that interacting individuals are sufficiently equal, such …

Reciprocity is a simple principle for cooperation that explains many of the patterns of how
humans seek and receive help from each other. To capture reciprocity, traditional models …

In repeated social interactions, individuals often employ reciprocal strategies to maintain
cooperation. To explore the emergence of reciprocity, many theoretical models assume …

Recent theory shows that extortioners taking advantage of the zero-determinant (ZD)
strategy can unilaterally claim an unfair share of the payoffs in the Iterated Prisoner's …

In repeated interactions, players can use strategies that respond to the outcome of previous
rounds. Much of the existing literature on direct reciprocity assumes that all competing …

Direct reciprocity is a powerful mechanism for cooperation in social dilemmas. The very logic
of reciprocity, however, seems to require that individuals are symmetric, and that everyone …

Humans routinely engage in many distinct interactions in parallel. Team members
collaborate on several concurrent projects, and even whole nations interact with each other …