Water, a necessary component of cell protoplasm, plays an essential role in supporting life
on Earth; nevertheless, extreme changes in climatic conditions limit water availability …

The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The
aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription …

Metabolic pathways and redox reactions are at the core of life. In the past decade (s),
numerous discoveries have shed light on how metabolic pathways determine the cellular …

Abstract Haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1), an inducible enzyme responsible for the breakdown of
haem, is primarily considered an antioxidant, and has long been overlooked by …

Anorexia and fasting are host adaptations to acute infection, and induce a metabolic switch
towards ketogenesis and the production of ketone bodies, including β-hydroxybutyrate …

Abstract Since the Great Oxidation Event, about 2.4 billion years ago, the Earth is immersed
in an oxidizing atmosphere. Thus, it has been proposed that excess oxygen, originally a …

Current immunotherapies yield remarkable clinical outcomes by boosting the power of host
immunity in cancer cell elimination and viral clearance. However, after prolonged antigen …

Electrophilic compounds originating from nature or chemical synthesis have profound effects
on immune cells. These compounds are thought to act by cysteine modification to alter the …

Innate and adaptive immune cell activation and infiltration is the key characteristic of tissue
inflammation. The innate immune system is the front line of host defense in which innate …

Lack of immune system cells or impairment in differentiation of immune cells is the basis for
many chronic diseases. Metabolic changes could be the root cause for this immune cell …