When a gravity current meets an obstacle a proportion of the flow may continue over the
obstacle while the rest is reflected back as a hydraulic jump. There are many examples of …

Urmia Lake, located in a closed basin in north-west Iran, is the largest lake (5000–6000
km2) in the Middle East. It is very saline with total dissolved salts reaching 200 g/l compared …

Figure 1. Much of the world ocean's bottom and deep waters are supplied by rivers of dense
water that flow down the slopes at the edges of continental shelves and marginal seas at …

A theory is presented for time-dependent two-layer hydraulic flows through straits. The
theory is used to study exchange flows forced by a periodic barotropic (tidal) flow. For a …

This paper reports the results of a theoretical and experimental study of steady two-layer
flow over a fixed two-dimensional obstacle. A classification scheme to predict the regime of …

Abstract The coastal Runnelstone Reef, off southwest Cornwall (UK), is characterised by
complex topography and strong tidal flows and is a known high-density site for harbour …

This is a theoretical and laboratory study of stationary internal hydraulic jumps. These jumps
are rapid transitions between internally supercritical flow, generated by placing a sill on the …

The stratified inclined duct (SID) experiment consists of a zero-net-volume exchange flow in
a long tilted rectangular duct, which allows the study of realistic stratified shear flows with …

An experimental and analytical study into the vortex dynamics of a stratified shear layer
subjected to a spatial acceleration is presented. The outer flow is dictated by a hydraulically …

A laboratory investigation of exchange flows near the two-layer hydraulic limit is used to
examine the generation of shear instability at the interface dividing the two layers. The …