Malaria continued to be a deadly situation for the people of tropical and subtropical
countries. Although there has been a marked reduction in new cases as well as mortality …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential to control immune system responses to innocuous
self-specificities, intestinal and environmental antigens. However, they may also interfere …

Clinical immunity against Plasmodium falciparum infection develops in residents of malaria
endemic regions, manifesting in reduced clinical symptoms during infection and in …

Malaria, which results from infection with Plasmodium parasites, remains a major public
health problem. Although humans do not develop long-lived, sterilizing immunity, protection …

Haemonchus contortus is an important parasitic nematode of ruminants. Previous studies
showed that H. contortus escape the immunity through complex mechanisms, including …

Background: The tumor microenvironment and tumor immunity have become the focus of
research on tumor diagnosis and treatment. Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3, CD223) …

The germinal center serves as a site of B cell selection and affinity maturation, critical
processes for productive adaptive immunity. In autoimmune disease tolerance is broken in …

Although the functions of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on αβ T cells have been extensively
reported, a role for PD-1 in regulating γδT cell function is only beginning to emerge. Here …

Relatively little is known about the ex vivo frequency and phenotype of the Plasmodium
falciparum-specific CD4+ T-cell response in humans. The exported protein 1 (EXP1) is …

Malaria is a vector-borne parasitic disease. In 2020, there were 241 million cases of malaria
and 627,000 deaths worldwide. The first connection between Malaria and autoimmunity was …