Postmitotic neurons are produced from a pool of cycling progenitors in an orderly fashion
during development. Studies of cell-fate determination in the vertebrate retina have …

▪ Abstract Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) can be devastating because they
often affect children, are difficult to treat, and frequently cause mental impairment or death …

We previously reported the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into retinal
progenitors. However, these progenitors rarely differentiate into photoreceptors unless they …

We previously reported a technique for generating retinal pigment epithelia (RPE) and
putative photoreceptors from embryonic stem (ES) cells. Here we tested whether our …

The vertebrate retina is comprised of seven major cell types that are generated in
overlapping but well-defined intervals. To identify genes that might regulate retinal …

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of cells underlying and supporting the
neural retina. It begins as a plastic tissue, capable, in some species, of generating lens and …

Stem cell-derived retinal organoids recapitulate many landmarks of in vivo differentiation but
lack functional maturation of distinct cell types, especially photoreceptors. Using …

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-
stage embryos. They can maintain an undifferentiated state indefinitely and can differentiate …

Regeneration in the mammalian CNS is severely limited. Unlike in the chick, current models
hold that retinal neurons are never regenerated. Previously we demonstrated that, in the …

Photoreceptors–the light-sensitive cells in the vertebrate retina–have been extremely well-
characterized with regards to their biochemistry, cell biology and physiology. They therefore …