The'cognitive map'hypothesis proposes that brain builds a unified representation of the
spatial environment to support memory and guide future action. Forty years of …

The last decade has produced exciting new ideas about retrosplenial cortex (RSC) and its
role in integrating diverse inputs. Here, we review the diversity in forms of spatial and …

Since the first place cell was recorded and the cognitive-map theory was subsequently
formulated, investigation of spatial representation in the hippocampal formation has evolved …

In this review, we summarize findings supporting the existence of multiple behavioral
strategies for controlling reward-related behavior, including a dichotomy between the goal …

Several types of neurons involved in spatial navigation and memory encode the distance
and direction (that is, the vector) between an agent and items in its environment. Such …

Episodic memory, the conscious recollection of past events, is typically experienced from a
first-person (egocentric) perspective. The hippocampus plays an essential role in episodic …

To navigate, animals need to represent not only their own position and orientation, but also
the location of their goal. Neural representations of an animal's own position and orientation …

The retrosplenial cortex is reciprocally connected with multiple structures implicated in
spatial cognition, and damage to the region itself produces numerous spatial impairments …

The posterior parietal cortex, along with temporal and prefrontal cortices, is one of the three
major associative regions in the cortex of the mammalian brain. It is situated between the …

Animals can navigate vast distances and often display behaviours or activities that indicate a
detailed, internal spatial representation of their surrounding environment or a 'cognitive …