Smoking is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. The smoke produced by tobacco
burning contains more than 7000 chemicals, among which nicotine is closely related to the …

Addiction is a leading cause of disease burden worldwide and remains a challenge in
current neuroscience research. Drug-induced lasting changes in gene expression are …

Nicotine is a highly addictive compound present in tobacco, which causes the release of
dopamine in different regions of the brain. Recent studies have shown that astrocytes …

Glia (including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes), which constitute the majority of
cells in the brain, have many of the same receptors as neurons, secrete neurotransmitters …

Postoperative delirium (POD) occurs in a few days after major surgery under general
anesthesia and may cause serious health problems. However, effective intervention and …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed in the central nervous
system and play an important role in the control of neural functions including neuronal …

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an astrocyte‐derived non‐competitive antagonist of the α7
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7n AC h R) and inhibits the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a relatively common disorder of the Central Nervous System
(CNS), whose etiology is characterized by a selective and progressive degeneration of …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain are important for cognitive function;
however, their specific role in relevant brain regions remains unclear. In this study, we used …

Nicotine enhances synaptic transmission and facilitates long-term memory. Now it is known
that bi-directional glia-neuron interactions play important roles in the physiology of the brain …