Neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),
and neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), NT-4, and NT-5, are proteins involved in several important …

Background and objective Emotional and cognitive impairments are common comorbidities
of chronic neuropathic pain that significantly impact the quality of life of patients. While the …

Chronic pain is commonly linked with diminished working memory. This study explores the
impact of the anesthetic (S)-ketamine on spatial working memory in a chronic constriction …

Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) is one of the critical factors in the occurrence and
development of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Apoptosis of nerve cells and changes …

Patients suffering from neuropathic pain have a higher incidence of depression and
cognitive decline. Although environment enrichment (EE) may be effective in the treatment of …

Early life immune activation has negative effects on the development of central nervous
system and cognitive function, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Increasing …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurodegenerative disorder that has critical impact on patient's
life expectance and life span, and this disorder also leads to negative socioeconomic …

Preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units are inevitably subjected to numerous painful
procedures. However, little is known about the consequences of early pain experience on …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial neurotrophic factor adding to neurons'
development and endurance. The amount of BDNF present in the brain determines …

The behavioral tagging (BT) hypothesis provides crucial insights into the mechanism of long-
term memory (LTM) consolidation. Novelty exposure in BT is a decisive step in activating the …