Recent findings have provided a molecular basis for the combined contributions of
multifaceted risk factors for the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS appears to start as a …

Although genetic susceptibility explains the clustering of multiple sclerosis (MS) within
families and the sharp decline in risk with increasing genetic distance, it cannot fully explain …

The most recent findings linking exposure to sun and vitamin D insufficiency to multiple
sclerosis (MS) are reviewed. Due to insufficient sunshine and changing lifestyles …

Beyond its critical function in calcium homeostasis, vitamin D has recently been found to
play an important role in the modulation of the immune/inflammation system via regulating …

The vitamin D receptor is expressed in multiple cells of the body (other than osteoblasts),
including beta cells and cells involved in immune modulation (such as mononuclear cells …

It is widely known that vitamin D receptors have been found in neurons and glial cells, and
their highest expression is in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus and subcortical …

Although strong genetic determinants of multiple sclerosis (MS) exist, the findings of
migration studies support a role for environmental factors in this disease. Through rigorous …

Importance Vitamin D has been associated with a decreased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS)
in adulthood; however, some, but not all, previous studies have suggested that in utero …

Objectives To study the safety and efficacy of vitamin D3 as an add on therapy to interferon β-
1b (IFNB) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods 1 year, double blind, placebo …

A better understanding of immune-mediated mechanisms in the pathogenesis of multiple
sclerosis and the contribution of environmental risk factors toward the development of …