We survey the evidence for L-glutamate's role as the primary excitatory neurotransmitter of
vertebrate retinas. The physiological and molecular properties of glutamate receptors in the …

Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are major excitatory and inhibitory
neurotransmitters in the vertebrate retina,“a genuine neural center”(Ramón y Cajal, 1964 …

We studied the morphology of bipolar cells in fixed vertical tissue sections of the rat retina by
injecting the cells with Lucifer Yellow and neurobiotin. In addition to the rod bipolar cell, nine …

A novel metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR8, was identified by screening a mouse
retina cDNA library. This receptor is most related to mGluR4, mGluR7, and mGluR6 (74 …

The main neurotransmitters in the vertebrate retina are glutamate, GABA and glycine. Their
localization in the different cell types in the retina is well known. In addition, there exists a …

The expression patterns of nine genes encoding the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA)
receptor subunits NR1 and NR2A, NR2B, NR2C and NR2D, and the high‐affinity kainate …

We correlated the morphology of salamander bipolar cells with characteristics of their light
responses, recorded under voltage-clamp conditions. Twelve types of bipolar cells were …

Whole-cell currents from> 70 voltage-clamped bipolar cells were recorded in a slice
preparation of the rat retina. The recorded cells were identified and classified by intracellular …

The distribution of glutamate receptor subunit/subtypes in the vertebrate retina was
investigated by immunocytochemistry using anti-peptide antibodies against AMPA (GluR1 …

In situ hybridization and Northern blots were used to study the ionotropic subtypes of the
glutamate receptor in the rat hypothalamus. Widespread expression of AMPA, kainate, and …