Noble metal nanoparticles due to their unique optical properties arising from their
interactions with an incident light have been intensively employed in a broad range of …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture systems have attracted considerable
attention as a way to better mimic the complex interactions between individual cells and the …

Multi‐cellular spheroids are formed as a 3D structure with dense cell–cell/cell–extracellular
matrix interactions, and thus, have been widely utilized as implantable therapeutics and …

There is a growing interest in engineering hydrogels for 3D tissue and disease models. The
major motivation is to better mimic the physiological microenvironment of the disease and …

Animal testing is still the most popular preclinical assessment model for liver fibrosis. To
develop efficient anti-fibrotic therapies, robust and representative in vitro models are …

Fibrosis, characterized by progressive tissue stiffening resulting in organ failure, is a growing
health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, therapeutic options for …

Hydrogels are widely implemented as key materials in various biomedical applications
owing to their soft, flexible, hydrophilic, and quasi-solid nature. Recently, however, new …

The fabrication of a large-scale microfluidic mold with 3D microstructures for manufacturing
of the conical microwell chip using a combined projection micro-stereolithography (PµSL) …

Stem cell spheroids have been studied extensively in organoid culture and therapeutic
transplantation. Herein, hydrogels with an embossed surface (HES) were developed as an …

Despite advances in a wide range of device applications of hydrogels, including implantable
ones, a method for deploying patterned hydrogel devices into the body in a minimally …