Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human lymphotropic herpesvirus with a well-
established causal role in several cancers. Recent studies have provided compelling …

The immune system of the central nervous system (CNS) consists primarily of innate
immune cells. These are highly specialized macrophages found either in the parenchyma …

Changes in gut microbiota have been associated with several diseases. Here, the
International Multiple Sclerosis Microbiome Study (iMSMS) studied the gut microbiome of …

Oligodendrocyte dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative
diseases, so understanding oligodendrocyte activation states would shed light on disease …

INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the
central nervous system (CNS) that often presents in young adults. Over the past decade …

Whereas microglia involvement in virtually all brain diseases is well accepted their role in
the control of homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) is mainly thought to be the …

Mononuclear phagocytic cells in the CNS used to be defined according to their anatomical
location and surface marker expression. Recently, this concept has been challenged by the …

Although studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with human traits and diseases,
pinpointing causal alleles remains difficult, particularly for non-coding variants. To address …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is the prototypic pro-inflammatory cytokine. It is central to host
defense and inflammatory responses but under certain circumstances also triggers cell …

Using the ImmunoChip custom genotyping array, we analyzed 14,498 subjects with multiple
sclerosis and 24,091 healthy controls for 161,311 autosomal variants and identified 135 …