The pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) is thought to result from impaired
connectivity between key brain networks. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the key …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of distress, disability, and suicides. As
per the latest WHO report, MDD affects more than 260 million people worldwide. Despite …

The human brain is a complex, three‐dimensional structure. To better recapitulate brain
complexity, recent efforts have focused on the development of human‐specific midbrain …

Background Depression is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that is often very severe
and life threatening. In spite of the remarkable progress in understanding the neural biology …

Quantitative mapping of the in vivo dynamics of cellular metabolism via non-invasive
imaging contributes to our understanding of the initiation and progression of diseases …

The causes of neurodegenerative disorders are multiple, and for most of them a mechanistic
understanding is still lacking. However, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer …

The glutamine-glutamate cycle provides neurons with astrocyte-generated glutamate/γ-
aminobutyric acid (GABA) and oxidizes glutamate in astrocytes, and it returns released …

Mitochondria are cellular organelles essential for energy metabolism and antioxidant
defense. Mitochondrial impairment is implicated in many psychiatric disorders, including …

Cerebral function is associated with exceptionally high metabolic activity, and requires
continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients from the blood stream. Since the mid-twentieth …

The synapse is a particularly important compartment of neurons. To reveal its molecular
characteristics we isolated whole brain synaptic (sMito) and non-synaptic mitochondria …