Wildlife has existed in urban areas since records began. However, the discipline of urban
ecology is relatively new and one that is undergoing rapid growth. All wildlife in urban areas …

The study of urban birds has increased exponentially in the last century. A prior review of the
scientific literature up to the year 2000 found 100 research articles on urban birds, but in the …

Humans challenge the phenotypic, genetic, and cultural makeup of species by affecting the
fitness landscapes on which they evolve. Recent studies show that cities might play a major …

Human–wildlife interactions, including human–wildlife conflict, are increasingly common as
expanding urbanization worldwide creates more opportunities for people to encounter …

While human-induced rapid environmental changes are putting many organisms at risk of
extinction, others are doing better than ever. This raises the question of why organisms differ …

By transforming landscapes, human activity creates new types of habitats with altered
environmental characteristics that never existed before. As the process of habitat …

Human‐altered environmental conditions affect many species at the global scale. An
extreme form of anthropogenic alteration is the existence and rapid increase of urban areas …

Cities across the globe are driving systemic change in social and ecological systems by
accelerating the rates of interactions and intensifying the links between human activities and …

Animals living in urbanized habitats often show reduced fear responses to humans
compared with their rural conspecifics. This is usually assumed to be the result of …

Most humans now live in cities and their main experience of nature is through urban
greenery. An increasing number of studies show the importance of urban green spaces for …