Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder that, whilst initially driven by
activation of brain reward neurocircuits, increasingly engages anti-reward neurocircuits that …

Retention in medication-assisted treatment among opiate-dependent patients is associated
with better outcomes. This systematic review (55 articles, 2010–2014) found wide variability …

We summarise the evidence for medicinal uses of opioids, harms related to the extramedical
use of, and dependence on, these drugs, and a wide range of interventions used to address …

Background Missing data are common in medical research, which can lead to a loss in
statistical power and potentially biased results if not handled appropriately. Multiple …

BackgroundSupervised injectable heroin (SIH) treatment has emerged over the past 15
years as an intensive treatment for entrenched heroin users who have not responded to …

Addictive drugs have in common that they are voluntarily self-administered by laboratory
animals (usually avidly), and that they enhance the functioning of the reward circuitry of the …

Importance Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride (the active ingredient in heroin), delivered
under supervision, is effective for the treatment of severe opioid use disorder. However …

Drug use represents a significant burden to public health through disease, disability and
social problems, and policy makers are becoming increasingly interested in how to develop …

Debates about which policy initiatives can prevent or reduce the damage that illicit drugs
cause to the public good are rarely informed by scientific evidence. Fortunately, evidence …

The British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines for the treatment of substance
abuse, harmful use, addiction and comorbidity with psychiatric disorders primarily focus on …