Four adenosine receptors have been cloned and characterized from several mammalian
species. The receptors are named adenosine A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. The A2A and A2B …

Purinergic signaling plays important roles in control of vascular tone and remodeling. There
is dual control of vascular tone by ATP released as a cotransmitter with noradrenaline from …

Inappropriate or prolonged inflammation is the main cause of many diseases; for this reason
it is important to understand the physiological mechanisms that terminate inflammation in …

Adenosine has several functions within the CNS that involve an inhibitory tone of
neurotransmission and neuroprotective actions in pathological conditions. The …

A. Cellular and Subcellular Localization B. Pharmacological Tools to Study Adenosine
Receptors C. Signaling Via Adenosine Receptors D. Regulation of Receptor Expression and …

Calcium waves represent a widespread form of intercellular communication. Although they
have been thought for a long time to require gap junctions, we recently demonstrated that …

▪ Abstract Immune cell–mediated destruction of pathogens may result in excessive collateral
damage to normal tissues, and the failure to control activated immune cells may cause …

Brain ischemia results from cardiac arrest, stroke or head trauma. These conditions can
cause severe brain damage and are a leading cause of death and long-term disability …

This review addresses three principal questions about adenosine and sleep–wake
regulation:(1) Is adenosine an endogenous sleep factor?(2) Are there specific brain regions …

Despite major advances in a variety of neuroscientific research fields, the majority of
neurodegenerative and neurological diseases are poorly controlled by currently available …