Hypertrophic chondrocytes are the master regulators of endochondral ossification; however,
their ultimate cell fates cells remain largely elusive due to their transient nature. Historically …

In view of their exceptional approach, excellent inherent biocompatibility and
biodegradability properties, and interaction with the local extracellular matrix, protein-based …

Cartilage is essential throughout vertebrate life. It starts developing in embryos when
osteochondroprogenitor cells commit to chondrogenesis, activate a pancartilaginous …

The osteogenic effects of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) were delineated in 1965
when Urist et al. showed that BMPs could induce ectopic bone formation. In subsequent …

Chondromalacia, characterized by the softening of cartilage, is a prevalent condition
affecting joint health with complex etiology. The immune system's role in its pathogenesis …

Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is a mild dwarfism caused by missense mutations in fibroblast
growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), with the majority of cases resulting from a heterozygous p …

Large joints are composed of two closely linked cartilages: articular cartilage (AC; rich in
type II collagen, a well-studied tissue) and fibrocartilaginous enthesis (FE; rich in type I …

Human cartilage has relatively slow metabolism compared to other normal tissues. Cartilage
damage is of great clinical consequence since cartilage has limited intrinsic healing …

Pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) has an impact on fetal bone formation, but the
underlying mechanism is still obscure. Although miRNAs have been extensively …

Introduction Transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into bone cells explains most of the
prenatal and early postnatal condylar growth, but its role during later postnatal growth and …