Injury to or disease of the nervous system can invoke chronic and sometimes intractable
neuropathic pain. Many parallel, interdependent, and time-dependent processes, including …

The idea that memory is stored in the brain as physical alterations goes back at least as far
as Plato, but further conceptualization of this idea had to wait until the 20 th century when …

Episodic memories are multifaceted and malleable, capable of being transformed with time
and experience at both the neural level and psychological level. At the neural level, episodic …

Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the
retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of “sleep and …

Fear memory is the best-studied form of memory. It was thoroughly investigated in the past
60 years mostly using two classical conditioning procedures (contextual fear conditioning …

Numerous studies have begun to address how the brain's gray and white matter may be
shaped by meditation. This research is yet to be integrated, however, and two fundamental …

The brain mechanisms of fear have been studied extensively using Pavlovian fear
conditioning, a procedure that allows exploration of how the brain learns about and later …

Mindfulness—as a state, trait, process, type of meditation, and intervention has proven to be
beneficial across a diverse group of psychological disorders as well as for general stress …

After psychological trauma, recurrent intrusive visual memories may be distressing and
disruptive. Preventive interventions post trauma are lacking. Here we test a behavioural …

A better understanding of psychological trauma is fundamental to clinical psychology.
Following traumatic event (s), a clinically significant number of people develop symptoms …