Macromolecular phase separation is being recognized for its potential importance and
relevance as a driver of spatial organization within cells. Here, we describe a framework …

Transcription factors (TFs) represent key biological players in diseases including cancer,
autoimmunity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, outside nuclear receptors …

Biomolecular condensates form via coupled associative and segregative phase transitions
of multivalent associative macromolecules. Phase separation coupled to percolation is one …

Gene regulation requires the dynamic coordination of hundreds of regulatory factors at
precise genomic and RNA targets. Although many regulatory factors have specific affinity for …

Molecular mechanistic biology has ushered us into the world of life's building blocks,
revealing their interactions in macromolecular complexes and inspiring strategies for …

Prion-like low-complexity domains (PLCDs) have distinctive sequence grammars that
determine their driving forces for phase separation. Here we uncover the physicochemical …

The idea that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) may be a general mechanism by which
molecules in the complex cellular milieu may self-organize has generated much excitement …

Biomolecular condensates are dense assemblies of proteins that form distinct biochemical
compartments without being surrounded by a membrane. Some, such as P granules and …

How distal cis-regulatory elements (eg, enhancers) communicate with promoters remains an
unresolved question of fundamental importance. Although transcription factors and cofactors …

Biomolecular condensates that form via phase separation are increasingly regarded as
coordinators of cellular reactions that regulate a wide variety of biological phenomena …