The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L., Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a species of crucial
economic, agricultural and environmental importance. In the last ten years, some regions of …

Pesticides, in particular insecticides, can be very beneficial but have also been found to
have harmful side effects on non-target insects. Butterflies play an important role in …

RNA interference (RNAi)-based pesticides are promising novel pest management products
that might reduce environmental impacts compared to other pesticides. Their sequence …

The role of genetically modified (GM) crops in supporting sustainable food systems is an
ongoing controversy. Underlying this controversy, I will argue, are radically different …

Insecticidal transgenes, when incorporated and expressed in plants, confer resistance
against insects by producing several products having insecticidal properties. Protease …

The cultivation of genetically modified crops in Brazil has led to the need to assess the
impacts of this technology on non-target species. Under field conditions, the potential effect …

Ten full-length vip3-type genes amplified from the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates
recovered from various Indian agro-climatic zones and two from known Bt strains were …

The Vip3A, a vegetative Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene, has been introduced into many Cry
maize and cotton varieties that can manage the recently occurred Cry1/Cry2 resistance in …

Intensification in agriculture affects many insect species, including butterflies. Insect‐
resistant crops, such as Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) maize, which produces a toxin active …

Cry toxins are insecticidal toxin proteins produced by a spore-forming Gram-positive
bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. Interactions between the Cry toxins and the receptors from …