The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is active in the midgestational foetus but
silenced towards term because of the negative feedback effects mediated by the placental …

Minipuberty consists of activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis during
the neonatal period, resulting in high gonadotropin and sex steroid levels, and occurs …

While the health risks associated with adult cigarette smoking have been well described,
effects of nicotine exposure during periods of developmental vulnerability are often …

With a current prevalence of approximately 20%, smoking continues to impact negatively
upon health. Tobacco or nicotine use influences the endocrine system, with important …

Epidemiologic evidence regarding the effects of in utero exposure to per-and polyfluoroalkyl
substances (PFAS), particularly short-chain PFAS, on fetal reproductive hormones is limited …

A concise overview of the neuropsychology of psychopathy, written in layman's terms The
last two decades have seen tremendous growth in biological research on psychopathy, a …

Context The male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is transiently active during the
first months of life with surging serum concentrations of reproductive hormones. This period …

Tobacco smoking is an important public health issue recognized by the world health
organization as one of the most serious, preventable risk factors for developing a series of …

The prevalence of childhood asthma is increasing worldwide and increased in utero
exposure to environmental toxicants may play a major role. As current asthma treatments …

Maternal cigarette smoking may affect the intrauterine hormonal environment during
pregnancy and this early fetal exposure may have detrimental effects on the future trajectory …