Voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs) in mammals contain a pore-forming α subunit and
one or more β subunits. There are five mammalian β subunits in total: β1, β1B, β2, β3, and …

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are responsible for the initiation and propagation
of action potentials in excitable cells. VGSCs in mammalian brain are heterotrimeric …

Key points Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC‐CMs) capture
patient‐specific genotype–phenotype relationships, as well as cell‐to‐cell variability of …

Rapidly activating and inactivating cardiac transient outward K+ currents, Ito, are expressed
in most mammalian cardiomyocytes, and contribute importantly to the early phase of action …

Voltage-gated Na+ channel (VGSC) β Subunits are not “auxiliary.” These multi-functional
molecules not only modulate Na+ current (INa), but also function as cell adhesion molecules …

Aims The pathological proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in response to heart injury
results in fibrosis, which correlates with arrhythmia generation and heart failure. Here we …

The traditional cardiac model-building paradigm involves constructing a composite model
using data collected from many cells. Equations are derived for each relevant cellular …

Voltage-gated sodium channel β1 and β2 subunits were discovered as auxiliary proteins
that co-purify with pore-forming α subunits in brain. The other family members, β1B, β3, and …

In cardiac electrophysiology, there exist many sources of inter-and intra-personal variability.
These include variability in conditions and environment, and genotypic and molecular …

Histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me) methyltransferases and their cofactors are essential for
embryonic development and the establishment of gene expression patterns in a cell-specific …