Mammalian mitochondrial translation infidelity leads to oxidative stress–induced cell cycle arrest and cardiomyopathy

WQ Zheng, JH Zhang, ZH Li, X Liu… - Proceedings of the …, 2023 - National Acad Sciences
Proofreading (editing) of mischarged tRNAs by cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
(aaRSs), whose impairment causes neurodegeneration and cardiac diseases, is of high …

Diversification of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities via genomic duplication

N Krahn, D Söll, O Vargas-Rodriguez - Frontiers in Physiology, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Intricate evolutionary events enabled the emergence of the full set of aminoacyl-tRNA
synthetase (aaRS) families that define the genetic code. The diversification of aaRSs has …

Ribosome-mediated biosynthesis of pyridazinone oligomers in vitro

J Lee, JN Coronado, N Cho, J Lim, BM Hosford… - Nature …, 2022 - nature.com
The ribosome is a macromolecular machine that catalyzes the sequence-defined
polymerization of L-α-amino acids into polypeptides. The catalysis of peptide bond formation …

Trans-editing by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-like editing domains

ABK Nagy, M Bakhtina, K Musier-Forsyth - The Enzymes, 2020 - Elsevier
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) are ubiquitous enzymes responsible for aminoacyl-
tRNA (aa-tRNA) synthesis. Correctly formed aa-tRNAs are necessary for proper decoding of …

Protein mistranslation protects bacteria against oxidative stress

Y Fan, J Wu, MH Ung, N De Lay, C Cheng… - Nucleic acids …, 2015 - academic.oup.com
Accurate flow of genetic information from DNA to protein requires faithful translation. An
increased level of translational errors (mistranslation) has therefore been widely considered …

Molecular basis for t6A modification in human mitochondria

JB Zhou, Y Wang, QY Zeng, SX Meng… - Nucleic acids …, 2020 - academic.oup.com
Abstract N 6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) is a universal tRNA modification essential
for translational accuracy and fidelity. In human mitochondria, YrdC synthesises an l …

A human disease-causing point mutation in mitochondrial threonyl-tRNA synthetase induces both structural and functional defects

Y Wang, XL Zhou, ZR Ruan, RJ Liu, G Eriani… - Journal of Biological …, 2016 - ASBMB
Mitochondria require all translational components, including aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
(aaRSs), to complete organelle protein synthesis. Some aaRS mutations cause …

Mechanism of oxidant-induced mistranslation by threonyl-tRNA synthetase

J Wu, Y Fan, J Ling - Nucleic acids research, 2014 - academic.oup.com
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases maintain the fidelity during protein synthesis by selective
activation of cognate amino acids at the aminoacylation site and hydrolysis of misformed …

The G3-U70-independent tRNA recognition by human mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase

QY Zeng, GX Peng, G Li, JB Zhou… - Nucleic Acids …, 2019 - academic.oup.com
Alanyl-tRNA synthetases (AlaRSs) from three domains of life predominantly rely on a single
wobble base pair, G3-U70, of tRNAAla as a major determinant. However, this base pair is …

A threonyl-tRNA synthetase-like protein has tRNA aminoacylation and editing activities

Y Chen, ZR Ruan, Y Wang, Q Huang… - Nucleic acids …, 2018 - academic.oup.com
TARS and TARS2 encode cytoplasmic and mitochondrial threonyl-tRNA synthetases
(ThrRSs) in mammals, respectively. Interestingly, in higher eukaryotes, a third gene …