Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer. Its incidence is low in
the Western world but is rising globally. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have …

In the past 5 years, important advances have been made in the scientific understanding and
clinical management of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The cellular immune landscape of CCA …

Liver fibrosis is a substantial risk factor for the development and progression of liver cancer,
which includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma …

Biliary tract cancers are an uncommon set of gastrointestinal malignancies that are
associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Most patients present with incurable …

Recent literature has significantly advanced our knowledge and understanding of the
tumour immune microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma. Detailed characterisation of the …

Purpose To demonstrate the biological function of Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) and
its immune suppressive role in the progression intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) …

Accumulation of fibroblasts in the premalignant or malignant liver is a characteristic feature
of liver cancer, but has not been therapeutically leveraged despite evidence for …

In the era of precision medicine, it has been increasingly recognized that individuals with a
certain disease are complex and different from each other. Due to the underestimation of the …

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a group of malignant heterogeneous cancer arising from the
biliary tree. CCA has become a global health problem with rising incidence and mortality …

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are now widely used for the treatment of patients with
advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Two different ICI-containing regimens …