MRI can help to categorize tissues as malignant or non-malignant both anatomically and
functionally, with a high level of spatial and temporal resolution. This non-invasive imaging …

Technological advances and clinical research over the past few decades have given
radiation oncologists the capability to personalize treatments for accurate delivery of …

Radiotherapy (RT) is a modality of oncologic treatment that can be used to treat
approximately 50% of all cancer patients either alone or in combination with other treatment …

Simple Summary Radiotherapy with carbon ions has been used for over 20 years in Asia
and Europe and is now planned in the USA. The physics advantages of carbon ions …

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) represent an advanced tool in the medical field because
they can be modified according to biomedical approaches and guided by an external …

Radiotherapy with high-energy charged particles has become an attractive therapeutic
option for patients with several tumour types because this approach better spares healthy …

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and has the ability to
spread or metastasize throughout the body. In recent years, remarkable progress has been …

Radiotherapy should have low toxicity in the entrance channel (normal tissue) and be very
effective in cell killing in the target region (tumour). In this regard, ions heavier than protons …

Charged particle therapy is generally regarded as cutting-edge technology in oncology.
Many proton therapy centres are active in the USA, Europe, and Asia, but only a few centres …

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a distinct subpopulation within a tumor. They are able to self-
renew and differentiate and possess a high capability to repair DNA damage, exhibit low …