This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on electrodialysis (ED) applications
in wastewater treatment, outlining the current status and the future prospect. ED is a …

The modern concepts on the origin of electroconvection (EC) are surveyed briefly and the
known mechanisms of this phenomenon are classified. Factors that influence the EC …

Electroconvection is a multiphysics problem involving coupling of the flow field with the
electric field as well as the cation and anion concentration fields. Here, we use …

Many electrochemical and microfluidic systems involve voltage-driven transport of ions from
a fluid electrolyte toward an ion-selective interface. These systems are governed by intimate …

The development of an electroconvective vortex explains the induction of overlimiting
current in high voltage applications. However, an in-depth understanding of the dynamics …

Overlimiting current regimes are of practical interest for electrodialysis with ion-exchange
membranes (IEMs) operating at current densities significantly higher than the limiting current …

Many industries have a significant but largely unmet need for efficient and high-flux
emulsion separation, particularly for nanoemulsions. Conventional separation membranes …

A decade ago, two-dimensional microscopic flow visualization proved the theoretically
predicted existence of electroconvection roles as well as their decisive role in destabilizing …

In electromembrane processes employing the ion concentration polarization phenomenon,
such as electrodialysis (ED), ion concentration polarization (ICP) desalination, and reverse …

In an electrochemical system, ion transport near ion exchange membranes or electrodes
induces inevitable concentration polarization (ie, formation of diffusion boundaries), which …