Inflammatory activation of microglia is a hallmark of several disorders of the central nervous
system. In addition to protecting the brain against inflammatory insults, microglia are …

Phytoestrogens are plant derived compounds found in a wide variety of foods, most notably
soy. A litany of health benefits including a lowered risk of osteoporosis, heart disease, breast …

Sex steroids are chief regulators of gender differences in the skeleton, and male gender is
one of the strongest protective factors against osteoporotic fractures. This advantage in bone …

The classic view of estrogen actions in the brain was confined to regulation of ovulation and
reproductive behavior in the female of all mamamalian species studied, including humans …

Endometriosis is a disease defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the
uterus. Severe pelvic pain is often associated with endometriosis, and this pain can be …

In recent years, obesity and its associated health disorders and costs have increased.
Accumulation of adipose tissue, or fat, in the intra-abdominal adipose depot is associated …

Cerebral stroke continues to be a major cause of death and the leading cause of long-term
disability in developed countries. Evidence reviewed here suggests that gender influences …

Recent studies highlight the prominent role played by estrogens in protecting the central
nervous system (CNS) against the noxious consequences of a chronic inflammatory …

Ligands for the nuclear receptor superfamily have at least two mechanisms of action:(a)
classical transcriptional regulation of target genes (genomic mechanisms); and (b) non …

Despite the beneficial effects of estrogens in women's health, there is a plethora of evidence
that suggest an important role for these hormones, particularly 17β-estradiol (E2), in the …