Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning is the sole reproductive engineering
technology that endows the somatic cell genome with totipotency. Since the first report on …

It has now been 13 years since the first cloned mammal Dolly the sheep was generated from
somatic cells using nuclear transfer (SCNT). Since then, this technique has been considered …

Trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) arise from the first cell fate decision in the developing embryo
and generate extra-embryonic lineages, giving rise to the fetal portion of the placenta …

Trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) are in vitro equivalents to the precursor cells of the placenta.
TSCs are cultured in serum-rich medium with fibroblast growth factor 4, heparin, and …

DNA methylation regulates development and many epigenetic processes in mammals [1],
and it is required for somatic cell growth and survival [2, 3]. In contrast, embryonic stem (ES) …

ESCs and trophoblast stem (TS) cells are both derived from early embryos, yet these cells
have distinct differentiation properties. ESCs can differentiate into all three germ layer cell …

The low success rate of somatic nuclear transfer (NT) is hypothesized to be mainly due to
functional defects in the trophoblast cell lineage rather than the inner cell mass (ICM); this …

In the last decade, organoids have become emerging novel models for biomedical research.
Organoids are small, self-organized three-dimensional (3D) tissue cultures derived from …

Although phenotypic abnormalities frequently appear in the placenta following somatic cell
nuclear transfer (SCNT), mouse trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) established from SCNT …

Mechanical methods for inducing differentiation and directing lineage specification will be
instrumental in the application of pluripotent stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that …