Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most economically devastating infectious diseases
affecting the poultry industry. Virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can cause high …

Plant viruses have traditionally been studied as pathogens in the context of understanding
the molecular and cellular mechanisms of a particular disease affecting crops. In recent …

Plants provide not only food and feed, but also herbal medicines and various raw materials
for industry. Moreover, plants can be green factories producing high value bioproducts such …

Viral diseases, including avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND), are an important
cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, resulting in significant economic losses. Despite …

The past 30 years have seen the growth of plant molecular farming as an approach to the
production of recombinant proteins for pharmaceutical and biotechnological uses. Much of …

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is responsible for chronic respiratory disease in avian
species, characterized by symptoms like respiratory rales and coughing. Existing vaccines …

Emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases cause serious illness with billions of cases,
and millions of deaths. The most effective way to restrict the spread of zoonotic viruses …

Recombinant Newcastle disease (ND) subunit vaccines are safe, efficacious, and
compatible with DIVA strategies. Hence, are promising alternatives to conventional live and …

The production of vaccines in plant cells, termed plant-made pharmaceuticals or molecular
farming, is a promising technology for scalable production. Compared to mammalian cell …

The global poultry industry plays a pivotal role in providing eggs and meat for human
consumption. However, outbreaks of viral disease, especially Newcastle virus disease …