The major dose-limiting toxicity of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and of immunotoxin (IT) therapies is
vascular leak syndrome (VLS). VLS is characterized by an increase in vascular permeability …

Our understanding of NK biology has expanded immensely since the initial discovery of
natural killer cells in 1975. New studies have uncovered various levels of immune regulation …

Like many pathogens that undergo an intravascular stage of development, larvae of the
helminth parasite Schistosoma mansoni migrate through the blood vessels, where they are …

Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) is a rare and less well-recognizable
pulmonotoxic syndrome of anticancer therapy than pneumonitis/fibrosis. NCPE is a clinical …

There are several roadblocks that hinder systemic delivery of oncolytic viruses to the sites of
metastatic disease. These include the tumor vasculature, which provides a physical barrier …

Immune system (IS) is comprised of molecules, cells, tissues and organs involved in host
defense mechanism from infectious agents or tumor cells. On crossing the cell barriers by …

Clinical trials of immunotoxins in cancer patients have been limited in many cases by
vascular leak syndrome (VLS). Recently, rats were identified as a model for VLS induced by …

The vascular leak syndrome (VLS) is a major dose-limiting toxicity of cytokine therapy. VLS
is characterized by an increase in vascular permeability resulting in tissue edema and …

Dose limiting side effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) include severe hypotension and vascular
leak syndrome (VLS). Previous studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is …

Cancer-homing toxins are a group of man-made cytotoxic molecules targeting cancer cells.
In the past decade they have demonstrated potential as cancer therapeutics. These …