Sex differences between women and men are often overlooked and underappreciated when
studying the cardiovascular system. It has been long assumed that men and women are …

Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of premature death in men. Epidemiological
studies have shown a high prevalence of low serum testosterone levels in men with …

Gender-associated differences in the development of cardiovascular diseases have been
described in humans and animals. These differences could explain the low incidence of …

Increasing evidence has associated the exposure of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)
with the cardiovascular (CV) system. This exposure is particularly problematic in a sensitive …

A considerable body of evidence exists suggesting that androgen deficiency contributes to
the onset, progression, or both of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this review is to …

Abstract Purpose of Review Sex hormones drive development and function of reproductive
organs or the development of secondary sex characteristics but their effects on the …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The effects of
testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, on cardiovascular risk have been of special …

It is becoming increasingly evident that the low serum levels of testosterone experienced by
aging men are associated with increased all-cause mortality from CHD and other vascular …

Testosterone (T) is the predominant endogenous androgen in the bloodstream. At the
vascular level, T presents genomic and non-genomic effects, and both effects may overlap …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the number one cause of death worldwide. The
vascular endothelium may play a role in the pathophysiology of CVD diseases …