Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR, also known as mammalian target of rapamycin) is a
ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell growth, proliferation and survival …

The innate immune system consists of a variety of elements controlling and participating in
virtually all aspects of inflammation and immunity. It is crucial for host defense, but on the …

The immune and bone systems share a number of regulatory molecules, including
cytokines, chemokines, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone is a component of the …

Excessive activation of osteoclast activity is responsible for many bone diseases, such as
osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, periprosthetic osteolysis, and periodontitis. Natural …

Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) are implicated in many diseases including
schistosomiasis, sarcoidosis and arthritis. MGC generation is energy intensive to enforce …

Skeletal development and homeostasis in mammals are modulated by finely coordinated
processes of migration, proliferation, differentiation, and death of skeletogenic cells …

Objective We analyzed the impact of amino acid (AA) availability on the inflammatory
response in arthritis. Methods We stimulated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast‐like …

The current study investigated the therapeutic effect of berberine (BBR), an alkaloid
derivative against IL-21/IL-21R mediated phosphotidyl inositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B …

Maintaining the proper balance between osteoblast-mediated production of bone and its
degradation by osteoclasts is essential for health. Osteoclasts are giant phagocytic cells that …

Synovial fibroblasts are key cells orchestrating the inflammatory response in arthritis. Here
we demonstrate that loss of miR-146a, a key epigenetic regulator of the innate immune …