Organ-on-a-chip (OoC), also known as micro physiological systems or 'tissue chips' have
attracted substantial interest in recent years due to their numerous applications, especially in …

Organs-on-chips are microengineered microfluidic living cell culture devices with
continuously perfused chambers penetrating to cells. By mimicking the biological features of …

CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing technologies could, in principle, be used to treat a wide
variety of inherited diseases, including genetic disorders of vision. Programmable CRISPR …

Cellular models have created opportunities to explore the characteristics of human diseases
through well-established protocols, while avoiding the ethical restrictions associated with …

Ocular diseases associated with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration is the most
common neurodegenerative disorder that causes irreversible blindness worldwide. It is …

The inefficiency of existing animal models to precisely predict human pharmacological
effects is the root reason for drug development failure. Microphysiological system/organ-on …

The core of the drug research and screening processes is predicting the effect of drugs prior
to human clinical trials. Due to the 2D cell culture and animal models' poor predictability, the …

Retinal diseases are a rising concern as major causes of blindness in an aging society;
therapeutic options are limited, and the precise pathogenesis of these diseases remains …

Background Recently, great efforts have been made to design protocols for obtaining ocular
cells from human stem cells to model diseases or for regenerative purposes. Current …

The evolution of pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids (ROs) has brought
remarkable opportunities for developmental studies while also presenting new therapeutic …