Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a central cytokine in inflammatory reactions, and biologics
that neutralize TNF are among the most successful drugs for the treatment of chronic …

Regulated cell death mediated by dedicated molecular machines, known as programmed
cell death, plays important roles in health and disease. Apoptosis, necroptosis and …

Regulated cell death (RCD), also well-known as programmed cell death (PCD), refers to the
form of cell death that can be regulated by a variety of biomacromolecules, which is …

The innate immune system detects pathogens via germline-encoded receptors that bind to
conserved pathogen ligands called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Here …

NF-κB pathway consists of canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical NF-κB is
activated by various stimuli, transducing a quick but transient transcriptional activity, to …

Obesity is a state of low-grade chronic inflammation that causes multiple metabolic
diseases. During obesity, signalling via cytokines of the TNF family mediate cell death and …

Cell death is an essential process in all living organisms and occurs through different
mechanisms. The three main types of programmed cell death are apoptosis, pyroptosis, and …

Despite recent advances in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, unmet
medical needs in some areas still exist. One of the main therapeutic approaches to alleviate …

Cell death supports morphogenesis during development and homeostasis after birth by
removing damaged or obsolete cells. It also curtails the spread of pathogens by eliminating …

Twelve regulated cell death programs have been described. We review in detail the basic
biology of nine including death receptor-mediated apoptosis, death receptor-mediated …