Despite the high prevalence of performance-enhancing drug (PED) use, media attention has
focused almost entirely on PED use by elite athletes to illicitly gain a competitive advantage …

Background and objectives: Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are a group of synthetic
molecules derived from testosterone and its related precursors. AASs are widely used illicitly …

Since the 1970s anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) have been abused at ever increasing
rates in competitive athletics, in recreational sports and in bodybuilding. Exceedingly high …

Background As far as we are aware, no previous systematic review and synthesis of the
qualitative/descriptive literature on polypharmacy in anabolic-androgenic steroid (s)(AAS) …

Context Androgen abuse impairs male reproductive and cardiac function, but the rate,
extent, and determinants of recovery are not understood. Objective To investigate recovery …

Premature deaths in bodybuilders regularly make headlines and are cited as evidence that
bodybuilding is a dangerous activity. A wealth of research has revealed elite athletes …

Injecting use of image and performance‐enhancing drugs (IPED) in the general population
is a public health concern. A wide and varied range of IPED are now easily accessible to all …

This study aimed to identify patterns of change in muscle-building behaviors from
adolescence to emerging adulthood and determine what adolescent factors predict new …

Recent reports from needle exchange programmes and other public health initiatives have
suggested growing use of anabolic steroids (AS) in the UK and other countries. Data …

Illicit use of androgens and other hormones: recent advances : Current Opinion in Endocrinology,
Diabetes and Obesity Illicit use of androgens and other hormones: recent advances : Current …