Most processes within organisms, and most interactions between organisms and their
environment, have distinct time profiles. The temporal coordination of such processes is …

Vision, hearing, olfaction, taste, and touch comprise the sensory modalities of most
vertebrates. With these senses, the animal receives information about its environment. How …

Simple Summary Horses' behavior is a good indicator of their welfare status. However, its
complexity requires objective, quantifiable, and unambiguous evidence-based assessment …

Sleep is a significant biological requirement for all living mammals due to its restorative
properties and its cognitive role in memory consolidation. Sleep is ubiquitous amongst all …

In mammals, the central clock localized in the central nervous system imposes a circadian
rhythmicity to all organs. This is achieved thanks to a well‐conserved molecular clockwork …

Biological rhythms evolved to provide temporal coordination across all tissues and organs
and allow synchronization of physiology with predictable environmental cycles. Most …

To identify circadian patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscle, adult male zebrafish
were acclimated for 2 wk to a 12: 12-h light-dark photoperiod and then exposed to …

Simple Summary All mammals have an internal timing system that is responsible for
regulating most aspects of physiology and behaviour. This internal timing system, or body …

Brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1 (BMAL1), is a transcription factor known to regulate
circadian rhythm. BMAL1 was originally characterized by its high expression in the skeletal …

Background Daily rhythmicity has been observed for a number of hormonal and behavioral
variables in mammals. It can be entrained by several external factors, such as light-dark …